Fog
Continued from Page 10
meter can collect several gallons of water during a single foggy, windy day. “Fog is not like rain. It doesn’t fall; it tends to float,” Fernandez said. “When the wind blows, the fog moves, hits vertical structures and drips down.” Fernandez said his team can set up a standard fog collector in a farmer’s field to record measurements and determine the fog pattern of a specific location. He
years ago. He said his research remains fo- cused on how much water can be collected from farms in different places. His research team deploys square col- lection frames that stand vertically and reach 9 feet tall. The width of each frame is covered with mesh, providing a space for fog water droplets to collect into a trough about 6 feet aboveground. A collection frame measuring 1 square
has received some interest from farmers seeking to leverage fog as a water source, particularly in drought years. Water vapor in clouds and fog is the planet’s most abundant greenhouse gas, trapping about half the sun’s heat used to create a livable temperature on earth, ac- cording to NASA. Around the world, the use of fog collec- tion as a source of potable water is already in practice. Isolated villages in diverse places such as Kenya, Guatemala, Yemen and Spain capture fog for water supplies for people, crops and livestock. “The collection of fog water is a sim- ple and sustainable technology to ob- tain fresh water for human and animal consumption,” according to research published in 2012 from the National Institutes of Health. Baguskas aims to apply fog research to water-scarcity issues, including in agriculture. “Fog reduces heat and water stress across ecosystems, including farms, in central coastal California,” Baguskas said. “I see opportunities to integrate coastal fog in meaningful ways into farming decisions, such as water appli- cation and distribution.” While fog is considered a native envi- ronmental feature on the Central Coast, its presence is not reliable, and research- ers say the benefits of fog are not yet widely realized in coastal agricultural areas in the U.S. “I couldn’t tell you tonight there’s going to be fog for sure,” Fernandez said. “Even though we know it’s going to tend to occur, we can’t say exactly when or where. Part of what I’m trying to do is collect as long of a time series as possible to see what trends are happening.” (Caitlin Fillmore is a reporter based in Monterey County. She may be contacted at cslhfillmore@gmail.com.)
Monterey Bay, the University of California, Santa Cruz, Sacramento State University and UC Berkeley—maintain several fog collection sites along the Central Coast. The effort measures fog patterns at specific locations, including farms. “Even a few dozen meters away you can get a slightly different amount (of fog),” said Fernandez, who began researching fog 28
Avoid Capital Gains Tax When Selling Your Property
Consider a Charitable Remainder Trust (CRT) with City of Hope® if you would like to do any of the following:
• Establish a business succession plan alternative.
• Sell your property and bypass capital gains tax on the transfer. • Receive lifetime income for yourself and/or loved ones. • Receive a charitable income tax deduction.
• Convert a non-income producing parcel of land into a lifetime income stream. • Explore an alternative to a 1031 exchange.
A CRT can be established with appreciated real estate, such as agricultural, residential, vacation, commercial and multifamily properties, and is an investment vehicle that is in accordance with IRS guidelines.
POWERS ELECTRIC PRODUCTS COMPANY
EXAMPLE: CHARITABLE REMAINDER TRUST VS. OUTRIGHT SALE COMPARISON
OUTRIGHT SALE
CHARITABLE REMAINDER TRUST
Sales Price
$4,000,000 ($200,000) $3,800,000 ($983,970) $2,816,030
$4,000,000 ($200,000) $3,800,000
Sales Cost (5%) Net Proceeds
Estimated Capital Gains Tax
-
Sale Proceeds
$3,800,000 $1,225,480
Body 15% OFF FOR ACTIVE MEMBERS OF THE FARM BUREAU
Charitable Income Tax Deduction
- -
Net Annual Income
$190,000
The figures contained herein are for illustration purposes only and should not be considered legal, accounting or professional advice. Your actual benefits will vary depending on several factors, such as age, cost basis and current property value, the state in which the property is located and timing of funding a Charitable Remainder Trust. Please contact us for a no-obligation, complimentary consultation.
To learn more, contact Michael Rorman or another member of our team at 800-232-3314 or plannedgiving@coh.org . City of Hope’s expert Planned Giving team has helped many people create charitable trusts and generate significant tax savings and income benefits.
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12 Ag Alert May 15, 2024
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