Walnuts Continued from Page 11
agecanbe risky, hesaid, and irrigationsys- tems should be designed to avoidwetting the root crown. Specific symptoms and specific lab diagnosis are needed to conf irm a Phytophthora disease problem, he said. EnglishandNorthernblackwalnut vari- etieshavevery lowresistance toP. cinnam- omi and P. citricola. There is low tomod- erate resistance to each with the Paradox variety. Vlach has low resistance to each,
and clonal VX211, a cross of J. hindsii and J. regia, has low resistance to P. cinnamo- mi andmoderate resistance to P. citricola. RX1, a cross of J. microcarpa and J. regia, has high resistance to P. cinnamomi and moderate to high resistance to P. citricola. A Paradox diversity study from 1998 to 2006 evaluated resistance of seedling elite clones among diverse Paradox hybrids, whichledtotheselectionofRX1.Afterafield study, all treesonParadoxseedlingwerere- moved, due tomortalityanddecline.
Browne said Phytophthora resistance is “very good” in RX1 rootstock, and the research team is continuing its goal of achievingmultiplepathogen resistance to Phytophthora, crowngall andnematodes. He said resistant rootstocks offer themost economical foundation for management of Phytophthora onwalnut. (Denni s Pol lock i s a repor t er in F r e s no . He ma y b e c on t a c t e d a t agcompollock@yahoo.com.) Grants benefit veteran farmers SixCaliforniafarmershavereceivedsmall grantsthroughtheFarmerVeteranCoalition. TheFVCsaidlastweekthesixareamong more than 100 veterans nationwide who learnedtheywouldbeawardedequipment via the Farmer Veteran Fellowship Fund. The grant program supports veterans in their early years of farming and ranching. Executive Director Jeanette Lombardo saidtheFVCpurchasesapieceofequipment thefarmerhasidentifiedasbeingcritical,“to helpthemgrowtheiroperationssotheycan continue to feedtheir communities.” The California recipients include MarineveteranLynkeishaDixon,Fortitude Empowerment Center, Palmdale; Marine veteran Randy Herbert Jr. , Herbert Wolf Sanctuary, Dulzura; Army veteran GuadalupeSmith,OrganicFarmSolutions, LosAngelesCounty;Marine veteran Jesus Toro, ToroApiaries,Madera; Armyveteran Frank Wall, Farmer Frank’s Mushrooms, Atascadero; and Marine veteran Marcus Wilson, Valley Rise Farms, Winchester. The coalition said funding for the grants was made possible by Kubota Tractor Corp., Tractor Supply Co., the Wounded Warrior Project, Farm Credit, Tarter USA, Homestead Implements, Vital Farms anddirectly fromother farm- er veteranmembers.
impossible to eradicate from the soil, the researchers said. P.cinnamomi isthemost lethalspecieson walnuts, invadingroots first, thenthecrown and trunk. Another destructive species, P. citricola, invades thecrownand trunk. Browne said key strategies inmanaging Phytophthora include sanitation, careful soil andwatermanagement, andchemical control. Flood irrigation with poor drain-
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